What was included in the paper provided to participants in Andrade's study?

• A. Ten names to remember
• B. Eight place names
• C. Ten shapes per line
• D. Five listening tasks

Answer: (C)

In Andrade's study, participants were provided with a paper that included ten shapes per line as part of the doodling task. This aspect of the study was designed to keep participants' hands busy, allowing them to engage in a simple, repetitive activity while simultaneously processing a secondary task, such as listening to a phone message. The doodling with shapes was critical because it was intended to limit daydreaming and maintain focus on the primary task, which was remembering information from the message. The shapes served as a non-distracting means of engagement that would facilitate better retention of the material being presented. This foundational support for retaining information emphasized the role of doodling in cognitive tasks, aligning with Andrade's overarching research theme on the benefits of this activity.