What types of tasks were participants asked to perform in Andrade's study?

• A. Participants viewed images while doodling
• B. Participants wrote essays while doodling
• C. Participants listened to a monotonous telephone message
• D. Participants conducted physical tasks while doodling

Answer: (C)

In Andrade's study, participants were asked to listen to a monotonous telephone message while they doodled. This task was specifically designed to evaluate the impact of doodling on memory retention and concentration. The use of a monotonous message served to create a low-level cognitive load, allowing researchers to observe how doodling might aid in maintaining attention and subsequently enhance recall of information. This setting effectively demonstrated that engaging in doodling can help keep the mind alert without requiring active focus on the primary task. Other task types mentioned in the other options would not have provided the same context for testing the effects of doodling on memory, as they involve different levels of cognitive engagement or types of stimuli.