What research design did Andrade employ in the study?

• A. Cross-sectional
• B. Longitudinal
• C. Laboratory / Independent Measures
• D. Case study

Answer: (C)

In the study conducted by Andrade, the research design employed was a laboratory design, specifically utilizing independent measures. This approach involved conducting experiments in a controlled environment, allowing for precise manipulation of variables while minimizing extraneous influences. The independent measures component signifies that different participants were assigned to different conditions, ensuring that one group experienced one condition while another group experienced a different condition.

This design is particularly effective in examining the immediate effects of doodling on memory recall and performance on tasks, as it allows researchers to isolate the impact of doodling compared to a non-doodling control group. The structured nature of a laboratory setting also provides a clear framework for observing behaviors and measuring outcomes, contributing to the reliability of the findings. Thus, Andrade's choice of a laboratory independent measures design was instrumental in achieving the experiment's objectives and drawing valid conclusions about the influences of doodling.