What are the three types of memory noted in the model of memory?

• A. Visual, auditory, and tactile memory
• B. Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
• C. Working memory, contextual memory, explicit memory
• D. Iconic memory, echoic memory, procedural memory

Answer: (B)

The identification of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory as the three types of memory is grounded in foundational cognitive psychology. Sensory memory refers to the brief retention of sensory information; it acts as a buffer for stimuli received through our senses, allowing for a very short-term storage immediately after perception. Short-term memory, often connected with working memory, involves the temporary holding and processing of information that we are actively engaged with, lasting from a few seconds to a minute. Long-term memory, on the other hand, is where information is stored for extended periods, potentially for a lifetime, and encompasses everything from facts and experiences to skills.

This classification into sensory, short-term, and long-term memory addresses the structure and function of memory in a straightforward manner that reflects how people generally process and retain information over varying timeframes. The other options, while they mention various aspects of memory, do not succinctly capture the three main types that are widely recognized in psychological literature as foundational concepts.