How did Andrade operationalize doodling in her study?

• A. By asking participants to write extensively
• B. By asking participants to draw complex images
• C. By asking participants to draw simple shapes or patterns
• D. By asking participants to doodle freely without instruction

Answer: (C)

Andrade operationalized doodling in her study by asking participants to draw simple shapes or patterns. This approach was effective because it provided a structured yet flexible framework that allowed participants to engage with the act of doodling without the pressure of creativity that comes with drawing complex images. By focusing on simple shapes or patterns, Andrade ensured that participants could doodle in a way that facilitated concentration and memory retention, which aligned with the study's goals. This operationalization is particularly important as it balanced the need for simplicity with the cognitive benefits associated with doodling, making it a purposeful tool in her research on attention and memory while minimizing potential distractions from more intricate drawing tasks.