How did Andrade measure the "doodling" behavior of participants in her study?

• A. By analyzing participants' written notes
• B. By observing the types and quantity of doodles
• C. Through interviews after the task
• D. By testing their memory retention

Answer: (B)

The choice indicating that the measurement of "doodling" behavior was done by observing the types and quantity of doodles is the most accurate representation of Andrade's methodology. Andrade focused on how participants engaged with the act of doodling during tasks. By observing the types of doodles made and the quantity of doodling, she could gather insights into how this behavior related to cognitive performance and recall. This direct measurement allows for a clearer understanding of the relationship between doodling and task engagement.

In contrast, analyzing written notes would not specifically capture the doodling behavior but rather the information retention manifested in note-taking. Interviews could provide subjective accounts of doodling experiences but would not offer the quantitative data required for robust analysis. Testing memory retention, while potentially linked to the benefits of doodling, does not directly measure the act of doodling itself. Therefore, the focus on observing doodles is key to understanding how this activity impacts cognitive tasks.